Bitcoin has undoubtedly laid the foundation for the rapid development of Blockchain technology as we know it today.
It all started soon after the financial crisis of 2008 when on October 31, the now-famous whitepaper “Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System” was shared on a cryptography forum by Satoshi Nakamoto, as an answer to the shortcomings of the traditional, fractional financial system that had led to the crisis.
That was the start of not just a new asset class but also the beginning of a mystery or enigma because Satoshi Nakamoto is a pseudonym and the person or persons behind it have not been identified even 12+ years later.
A few days after the White Paper, Nakamoto registered the project on SourceForge, the open-source code platform, and on January 3, 2009 the first-ever Bitcoin block, named the genesis block, was mined, awarding Satoshi the first 50 Bitcoins of the 21 million that will ever be created.
In that block, Nakamoto put the message: “The Times 03/Jan/2009 Chancellor on brink of second bailout for banks”, a headline of London Times that day, which has been interpreted as both a timestamp and a critique of the traditional financial system.
Regardless of who Satoshi Nakamoto really is, on January 12, 2009, he made the first-ever Bitcoin transaction, sending 10 BTC to developer Hal Finney, who was actually one of the candidates to be Satoshi.
To try and understand why Satoshi Nakamoto chose a pseudonym and not their real name, it is a good idea to recall the basic idea behind Bitcoin.
The first sentence of Bitcoin’s whitepaper reads as follows: “A purely peer-to-peer version of electronic cash would allow online payments to be sent directly from one party to another without going through a financial institution.” This opening statement makes it abundantly clear that the basic idea behind the network is decentralization.
If Satoshi had chosen to reveal their real identity, they would have become the central element in a decentralized system. So, in order not to hurt the concept of decentralization--Satoshi probably chose to remain out of the spotlight.
Multiple attempts by various online communities to decipher the true identity have been made over the years. Various linguistic and behavioral studies were carried out, which led some people to believe that Satoshi resided in the United Kingdom as suggested by their impeccable written English or the fact that they occasionally used typically British phrases. Other people analyzed the posting patterns to suggest they must be living in Eastern or Central time zones.
Other researchers suggested that Satoshi simply could not be just one person: their level of expertise in multiple fields including cryptography, computer science, economics, and psychology--and the ability to communicate it all fluidly--could support the hypothesis that Satoshi is a moniker for a collection of people.
The top two candidates discussed in the past have been Hal Finney and Nick Szabo. Hal, who died in August 2014, was an early Bitcoin user and received the first Bitcoin transaction from Bitcoin's creator Satoshi. Nick Szabo is a blockchain pioneer and founder of “Bit Gold”, which was one of the earliest attempts at creating a decentralized digital currency in 1998. However, Nick has denied that he is Satoshi.
Many hypotheses and rumors have been floated on this. The most famous one being about Elon Musk who denied being the inventor of Bitcoin.
Craig Wright, a claimant, has also been disregarded as the founder of Bitcoin by the cryptocurrency community, in spite of his claims.
According to Jerry Brito, director of the cryptocurrency research group Coin Center, the real Nakamoto ought to possess one key that's associated with Bitcoin's so-called Genesis Block, the beginning of the public ledger of Bitcoin transactions called the Blockchain.
For now, none of the self-declared inventors have conclusively been able to prove that they are the masterminds behind Bitcoin. So there is still no consensus on who Satoshi Nakamoto is.
And, while the true identity of Satoshi Nakamoto may never be clarified, it probably doesn’t matter. Or does it?
(A version of this article first appeared in Khaleej Times)
From the desk of
Devina Mehra
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